80 Minutes Weekly Exercise During Teen Years Lowers Cancer Risks Later in Life - http://clapway.com/2015/08/01/80-minutes-weekly-exercise-during-teen-years-lowers-cancer-risks-later-in-life-556/

A new study that was recently published in the journal, Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, showed that women who participated in weekly exercise as teenagers may have a lower risk of dying from cancer and other causes in middle and older age.

In this study, researchers asked over 75,000 women from the ages of 40 to 70 whether or not they exercised when they were 13 to 19 years old. They also asked how much they exercised and then examined the women’s general lifestyle habits, including their weekly exercise in adulthood. The researchers followed the women for 13 years and examined how many of them died from cardiovascular diseases, cancer and other causes.

80 MINUTES OF WEEKLY EXERCISE GIVES 16 PERCENT LOWER RISK OF DYING FROM CANCER

During the study, 5,282 of the women died, including 2,375 who died from cancer and 1,620 who died from cardiovascular diseases. The women who would exercise, regardless of the fact that they were into their adulthood, were associated with a reduced risk of cancer and all-cause mortality. This was reported by study author, Sarah J. Nechuta, an assistant professor of medicine at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center in Nashville, Tennessee.

The researchers found that the women in the study who did some form of exercise as teens up to an hour and 20 minutes weekly, had a 16 percent lower risk of death from cancer and 5 percent lower risk of dying from any cause over the 13-year study than the women who didn’t exercise at all during adolescence.

RESEARCH DID NOT LINK ADDITIONAL BENEFITS OF WEEKLY EXERCISE

The results didn’t link any additional benefits of doing more exercise with longevity. The women who exercised for more than 1 hour and 20 minutes a week had a 13 percent lower risk of dying from all causes in the study period.

The results from the study show the importance of promoting exercise participation in adolescents to reduce the risk of mortality later on in life. This also highlights the critical need for the importance of disease prevention early in life. The study also found that women who exercised both as teens and as adults were at a 20 percent decrease in risk of dying than those who didn’t at all. The group’s risk of dying from cardiovascular disease was 17 percent lower and the risk of dying from cancer was 13 percent less.

THERE IS A LINK, BUT THE REST IS UNCLEAR

While the study found an association between mortality risks and exercise, it is not clear whether or not weekly exercise during adolescence can actually lower mortality later on in life.

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80 Minutes Weekly Exercise During Teen Years Lowers Cancer Risks Later in Life

Spread of Brain Tumors Can Now Be Disrupted - http://clapway.com/2015/06/13/spread-of-brain-tumors-can-now-be-disrupted-876/

Cutting off supply of a certain protein can stop tumor growth.

Brain cancer is one of the most devastating known illnesses, with causes unknown and average five-year survival rates of 33% in the United States. Even when treated, often at great risk to the patient’s neural functions, brain tumors still often return. Now, scientists at Washington University School of Medicine have found a way to slow or stop brain tumor growth by cutting off their supply of a certain protein, rendering them unable to nourish themselves and survive. They published their findings in Cell Reports, an open-access life sciences journal.

 

CDC20 protein is key to tumor growth.

Dr. Albert H. Kim, senior author of the research paper and assistant professor of neurological surgery at Washington University explains to us that the discovery of the protein “may help us attack the root of some of the deadliest brain tumors.” He focused mainly on glioblastoma, which is a type of brain cancer that typically leaves a patient with around 15 months left to live after diagnosis. The main option so far has usually been to surgically remove the brain tumors, but this is very risky because it can harm brain function irreparably. Kim studied these cancer cells, and found that they use a protein called SOX2. Another protein, CDC20, is needed to produce SOX2. Eliminating this other protein, CDC20, prevents the cell from expanding the tumor. According to Kim, the growth rate of some tumors deprived of CDC20 fell by 95% compared to those with normal CDC20 levels.

 

Patients with highest levels of CDC20 have least time to live.

Scientists also discovered that people with highest levels of the protein are the ones who die soonest after diagnosis. Combining this with Kim’s aforementioned discovery, his team quickly realized that the blocking of CDC20 could be instrumental in treating brain tumors. They are currently looking for a way to do so, possibly by RNA interference. There is widespread interest in this possible treatment method. Kim’s study received funding from the National Institutes of Health, the American Cancer Society, the Elsa U. Pardee Foundation, the Concern Foundation, and the Duesenberg Research Fund.

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Spread of Brain Tumors Can Now Be Disrupted

Scientists Grow Lab Breast to Study Cancer Treatments - http://clapway.com/2015/06/12/scientists-grow-breast-in-lab-to-study-cancer-treatments-123/

A team of scientists led by Christina Scheel at the Helmholtz Center for Health and Environmental Research in Munich have successfully grown mammary glands using cells donated after breast reduction operations. This was not an exercise of skill, nor were the glands created for any sort of cosmetic reason. Instead, the research was conducted so that scientists would be able to construct a platform on which to study the spread of cancer.

 

Lab breast grown to help scientists study cancer.

The study of cancer growth is both tough and complicated to researchers, who need in-depth looks at the organs they’re studying. For this reason, they’ve been trying to build organelles modeled after real organs, which are susceptible to the ravages of cancer. Now that they have succeeded, some interesting research remains to be done.

 

Regenerative processes of milk duct network in breasts poorly understood.

Starting from puberty, a female’s mammary gland forms a network of milk ducts that can one day provide milk for children she may have. Over her life, the network of milk ducts is constantly changing and regenerating, but the process enabling this is poorly understood. It is usually the cells within this mammary milk duct network that first get cancer, so scientists are trying to use this newly grown lab breast to better understand the regenerative process.

 

How was the lab breast grown?

The lab-made mammary was made from donated mammary gland cells added to gels made of collagen fibers, form a common type of connecting tissue. The cells then moved out and latched on to the collagen fibers, pulling on them in the process. This is what generated the physical force needed to promote cell growth into a new milk duct network. The team of researchers found that when using more rigid types of collagen gels, the cells began to grow in a way that resembled tumor formation. This new piece of data reflects the knowledge that stiffer connective tissue has been linked to breast cancer, though the stiffer tissue also seems to be a part of normal breast development as time goes on. Either way, one thing is certain: the lab breast is already fruitful as a research platform.

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Scientists Grow Lab Breast to Study Cancer Treatments

U.K.: Researchers Uncover the Mystery Behind Immune Cells - http://clapway.com/2015/05/28/u-k-researchers-uncover-the-mystery-behind-immune-cells/

When you fall down and scrape your knee, or nick yourself cutting food in the kitchen, you expect your body will react the way it always does. Human bodies have an amazing feature that helps to prevent infection, and heal wounded areas. When you are hurt the immune cells inside of you move toward your wound and patch it up to prevent any further damage to the body. However until now scientists were unaware what it was in the body that caused it to perform this amazing and critically important task.

Benefits of the discovery of the cause of immune cell migration

Thinking about immune cells in terms a small cut makes it difficult to see the scope of the discovery scientists have made at Bristol University in the U.K. For these scientists the next phase of understanding how the cells function, is direct manipulation of the cells to help aid in human recovery. One of the key scientists who aided in the discovery of the cause of immune cell migration Will Wood elaborates on the importance of being able to manipulate the cells inside of a human body, “While inflammation is critical to prevent infection, too much of a response by immune cells can cause or worsen a wide range of human diseases and conditions autoimmunity, atherosclerosis, cancer and chronic inflammation.” essentially too many immune cells migrated to one place can cause a plethora of problems inside of the body, with a wide range of possible serious complications, but being able to alter the immune cell migration process would help millions dealing with health issues related to the traveling cells.

How immune cell migration works

In research the team at Bristol University discovered the highly functional signaling pathway that alerts the body to an area where inflammation may be necessary, and sends more Immune cells that space. A press release from Bristol University explains exactly how the cell migration functions, “After dissecting the signaling occurring in immune cells responding to wound induced (H2O2), the team found that it involved a well-established immune signaling pathway used in vertebrate adaptive immune responses.” Discovering the reason that immune cells in the human body function in an attempt to aid us in recovery, will not only change the way we view human biology, but change the way we treat patients in modern medicine. It could even lead to longer healthier lives for humans across the board.

U.K.: Researchers Uncover the Mystery Behind Immune Cells