Is #Polygamist #Marriage the next uphill battle? With its growth. - http://clapway.com/2015/08/20/polygamist-wedding-legalizing-gay-marriage-encouraged-legalization-of-polygamy-243/

1967, blacks are permitted to marry whites; 2015, men are permitted to marry men; what’s next? Legal analysts believe the next bill to be passed in this country could be legalizing polygamist marriage.

What is it?

Polygamist Marriage is the union including more than two partners. There is a more specific breakdown of Polygamy. Polygyny is a marriage between one man and multiple women. Polyandry is the union of one woman and multiple men. And lastly, Polyamory represents a marriage having both multiple husbands and wives. And despite the fact that Polygamist marriage in illegal in the United States, 30,000 to 50,000 people are living in plural families across the country.

Gays Encourage Polygamy

“Advocates of same-sex marriage mock the musings of those who wonder if polygamy is the next gay marriage. They accuse those who ask the question of claiming that “the sky is falling in” and of listing “all the horrible consequences that will inevitably flow from the misguided views of the majority,” said Joe Wolverton, II, J.D., writer for TheNewAmerican.com. Mainly Christians against gay marriage see the possibility of the legalization of polygamist marriage in America. Christians believe the relaxed and open culture Americans will lead to polygamy in America.

The Happy Polygamist: Legalize Polygamy

Bill Donahue, President of Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, makes a statement opposing the possibility of polygamy in the U.S. and agreeing with William Baude’s (opinion writer for the NY Times) idea that the legalization of same-sex marriage has not encouraged a future for polygamist marriage.

“Mr. Baude concludes by saying that ‘once we abandon the rigid constraints of history, we cannot be sure that we know where the future will take us.’ It would be more accurate to say that once we abandon the logical constraints of natural law, we cannot be sure what the future holds,” said Donahue. Baude explains that the majority of the population in which approve of same-sex marriage, do not support polygamist life.

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Polygamist Wedding: Has Legalizing Gay Marriage Encouraged the Legalization of Polygamy? - Clapway

Learn a bit about #memory retrieval and how the #brain hides our cherished treasures - http://clapway.com/2015/08/19/your-brain-hides-memories-but-you-can-restore-them-342/

While we all have memories, some of those memories, especially ones that are particularly traumatic, are hidden from us by our own brains. In a way, this protective mechanism of being unable to recall stressful memories prevents us from experiencing the emotional pain associated with the memory. But what if we need to face them? How can we get these memories back?

A new study published in Nature Neuroscience has explained the process of state-dependent learning and how it affects our memories — or lack thereof — thanks to our brain’s protective instincts.

Memories Formed In Particular States Can Only Be Accessed In A Similar State

Our brains may hide our emotionally painful memories, but the repression of these memories can manifest themselves as mood disorders, including anxiety, depression, and PTSD.

What happens when we have a traumatic experience is that our brains are still recording, but they are within a specific type of recording category known as state-dependent learning. The study researchers have found that those memories that are formed within a specific state of mind (be it fear-induced or drug-induced) are best retrieved when the brain has returned to that similar state.

Key author of the study Jelena Radulovic of Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine explains that this important finding may lead to better treatments for patients suffering psychiatric disorders who need to face their traumatic memories in order to recover.

So how are memories formed? If you can’t remember, read this!

Meet The Neurotransmitters that aid your Memories

There are two main amino acids in your brain that are the neurotransmitters that control your nerves. Meet glutamate and GABA receptors!

Glutamate stimulates your nerves, while GABA calms them. They act as opposing forces to help balance your brain function: one excites your nerves when the time is right, the other inhibits them when you need to chill. But in certain overstimulating situations, our glutamate spikes, which wouldn’t be a terrible problem except it’s also the main chemical needed to store memories for easy retrieval.

Now, GABA is interesting because there are two kinds of GABA receptors. The first is the balancing receptor to glutamate, while the other has a different role. These extra-synaptic GABA, as they are known, primarily focus on adjusting mental states and brain waves in response to internal body chemicals.

Do you remember when we said sleep is the key?

Extra-synaptic GABA are at play when we are tired or are waking up or are under the influence of drugs or alcohol. But they are also hard at work when a fear-inducing state is occurring and we are using out glutamate to respond to the event. During this fear state, our extra-synaptic GABA store our memories deep within our subconscious.

The researchers in the study likened this to tuning the radio from AM to FM frequency, where we regularly access FM, but the station we need is on AM. We can’t get to the channel we need if we stay on the FM frequency, so we must switch to AM.

Likewise, if our GABA receptors store the traumatic memory, in order to get it back, we must activate them again.

But can we restore memories with light? This article says “perhaps”…

The Study That Used Inebriated States To Restore Memories

The study researchers came across their findings after taking lab mice and getting them inebriated. No, not with alcohol, but with a drug called gaboxadol, which stimulates the extra-synaptic GABA receptors in their brains.

While inebriated, the researchers moved the mice to a box, gave a short electric shock, and repeated the assignment the next day but without injecting the mice. Strangely, the mice showed no fear of the box. However, when they gave another shot of gaboxadol to the rodents and placed them in the cage, they stood anxiously awaiting another shock. They had remembered.

Under the same drug-induced brain state, the mices’ memories of the traumatic event came flooding back because the extra-synaptic GABA receptors were activated. They had tuned into the AM frequency and the channel was playing loud and clear.

What does this mean for humans? Well, it may mean that a different system for regulating, storing, and accessing memories has been found that can prove useful in therapies for mood disorders. Our memories are all there, we just have to learn on which channel they are playing to hear them.

Title Picture Credit to 55Laney69
Additional Image Credits to Sara and |vv@ldzen|

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From the beginning of Moleskine, they’ve been recording our memories like no other…

 

Your Brain Hides Memories, But You Can Restore Them

Need to Remember Something? Go to Sleep - http://clapway.com/2015/07/27/need-to-remember-something-go-to-sleep-343/

If you want another reason to hit the snooze button and sleep in some more, a new study has show that sleeping helps us recall facts that we previously had forgotten. So curl up in those blankets for a little longer today for the sake of your memory.

Improve Your Memory Recall Using Sleep As a Learning Tool

The new research from the University of Exeter in conjunction with the Basque Center for Cognition, Brain and Language suggested that getting more sleep may increase your ability to access memories.

According to the researchers, the findings showed that sleeping may help prevent memory as well as make it easier for people to recall memories previously thought to have been forgotten. In both situations investigated in the study, participants who had forgotten information over 12 hours of being awake had been granted access to the memories after a night’s rest.

The study was published in the journal Cortex and focused on tracking memories and recalling learned information after waking.

Study Says Sleep Linked to Recalling Information

The study involved having participants learn new, fictitious words either before going to sleep or after a period of being awake. Then the subjects had to recall the fake words immediately after learning them as well as after a period of wakefulness if they learned before sleeping or a period of sleep if they learned in the opposite manner.

Researchers in the study noticed the subjects who were able to recall the words after having previously been unable to recall the words had been the ones who had slept in between learning, testing and retesting.

Nicolas Dumay, an experimental psychologist at Exeter said that the post-sleep memory boost seen in the study is in indication that sleep may help sharpen memories, providing better memory accessibility.

Dumay also cited the hippocampus, the brain structure related to emotions and memory as well as learning, as the main enabler that allows sleep to nearly double our chances of recalling memories.

More Sleep Study Needed to Help Boost Understanding

Researchers believe that sleep, in some way, helps us “rehearse” information learned over the course of the day, as long as it is deemed important.

Though the benefits of sleep on our memories has been known for some time, there needs to be more research to fully understand the vital importance sleep plays in memory accessibility, memory recall, and memory retention.

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Need to Remember Something? Go to Sleep

Playing Tetris Could Prevent Traumatic Memories From Forming - http://clapway.com/2015/07/09/playing-tetris-could-prevent-traumatic-memories-from-forming987/

Research is being done to help trauma victims who have painful flashbacks and memories. Scientists in the United Kingdom are investigating to see if a simple game like Tetris could be helpful.

Scientists based at the University of Cambridge, Sweden’s Karolinska Institutet, and the University of Oxford examined subjects who have seen videos of actual traumatic events, including those that result in death, and then had some of them play Tetris as a way to help them rid their mind of those traumatic images.

THIS MIGHT HELP THOSE WITH PTSD

This Tetris treatment might be another avenue for those experience PTSD, or post traumatic stress disorder. This is most commonly associated with those who are in the military. For those who are experiencing PTSD, they go through all types of treatment such as lifestyle changes, therapy, and medication.

TETRIS MAY HELP REMOVE INVASIVE MEMORIES OF IMAGES

The goal of the researchers was to remove the invasive memories associated with the trauma. These memories can include paralyzing flashbacks that cannot be controlled. There were 56 people that were used in this study. In the experiment, in those people who played Tetris 24 hours after seeing a film containing disturbing video footage, reports showed that fewer of these memories occurred in the days after the initial viewing.

HOW DOES IT WORK?

The researchers made a theory that playing the game Tetris reconfigured the visual memory because the brain focuses on both the visual game and the memory of the film.

Although the study admits that it was limited since seeing a traumatic image on TV is different from experiencing it, but the theory does show promise for those who experience traumatic events.

VISUAL TRAUMA IS NOT EXPERIENCED TRAUMA

Psychologists and trauma and crisis intervention specialists are skeptical of the correlation of the study to those who actually experience traumatic events. The comparison of a horror film trauma to the tangible or scent association of an experienced trauma is not there.

Although solid research will have to be done before the Tetris theory can be taken as a serious idea for dealing with post-trauma situations, it is an interesting hypothesis that shows promise nonetheless.

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Playing Tetris Could Prevent Traumatic Memories From Forming