Showing posts with label perihelion. Show all posts
Showing posts with label perihelion. Show all posts

Thursday, August 13, 2015

Philae Lander Post-Perihelion To Awaken - http://clapway.com/2015/08/13/philae-lander-post-perihelion-101/

Scientists of European persuasion have made an important change of plans for the Philae lander , a detached component of the Rosetta spacecraft with a spotty service record. The Europeans are now hopeful of retrieving new imagery and data on drill samples as soon as communications are restored.


WHY DOES PHILAE PERFORM BADLY?


This may be a misrepresentation of the facts; Philae was impeccably designed, and is fully capable of performing its duties, but upon beginning its final descent last November, the lander had a few issues, bounced on the surface several times, and came to rest in a small valley. Since the lander is solar powered, the absence of sunlight precludes its operating at full capacity, causing it to go into hibernation mode periodically.


SUMMER’S DELIVERY


But in June, the tenacious lander reawoke, much to scientists at the European Space Agency’s surprise, and caused the ESA to rush plans for Philae to perform as many experiments as possible before they risked the more dangerous drilling experiment.


However, as mentioned above, because of Philae’s position, periodic black outs are to be expected. “The problem is not power, but communications,” Aurelie Moussi from space agency CNES said in a webcast on Thursday. “We have to find something to do in a shorter duration.”


PHILAE EXPECTED TO UNVEIL MYSTERIES OF LIFE


Scientists are hopeful that new samples from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s surface will yield more insight into the fundamentals of planet formation, and how such a frigid and hostile environment can be host to the complex organic compounds capable of seeding life.


The Rosetta spacecraft has spent the past two weeks studying a part of the comet inaccessible to Philae, but as of August 11th the mother probe has returned to its position above Philae, and is awaiting its signal.


PHILAE IS DAMAGED


So far, no more contact between the two machines has been documented, but Barbara Cozzoni, Philae operations engineer laments that this may be because one of the lander’s transmitters is broken, along with two receivers that refuse to function properly.


THE BEST IS YET TO COME


Since the comet passed through its perihelion phase at 185 million kilometers (roughly 115 million miles) from the sun, activity on the comet has picked up drastically. Just as the hottest day of the year occurs after the summer solstice, so too will comet 67P’s most active day follow its perihelion. As of now, the comet is ejecting nearly 1,000 kg of dust and a volume of water sufficient to fill two bathtubs per second. Comparatively, upon Rosetta’s original rendezvous, comet 67P was losing only two small glasses of water per second.


In addition to this increased loss of matter and H20, magnificently powerful gas jets were also observed shooting from the comet’s surface. But this spectacle is sideshow to what Philae may reveal to us, soon.



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Philae Lander Post-Perihelion To Awaken

Monday, August 3, 2015

67P Makes Its Closest Pass By the Sun With Rosetta in Tow - http://clapway.com/2015/08/03/67p-makes-its-closest-pass-by-the-sun-with-rosetta-in-tow-355/

On August 13 the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko comet will be making its closest approach to the sun in its 6.5 year orbit — and it will have Rosetta in tow. This will be the first time a comet has entered perihelion with a human spacecraft present to observe the event.


67P’s Journey Around the Sun


The comet, which was recently reported to contain the building blocks of life, makes its way around the sun every 6.5 years. Philae, the lander from the Rosetta spacecraft, met up with 67P about 336 million miles from the center of the solar system, after traveling a whopping 75,000 miles per hour to reach it. Now the two are set to arrive at perihelion, a point in a comet’s orbit where it’s closest to the sun, on August 13.


According to the European Space Agency (ESA), this is a very important moment in every comet’s life. In fact, some comets don’t make it past the event and are destroyed. For Philae and 67P, this is an especially important event since it will be the first time a comet has entered perihelion with a lander in tow.


What Happens in Perihelion


For 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, life closer to the sun is certainly more active. Since Philae landed on the comet, things have warmed up due to an increase in exposure to solar energy. This is causing some of the ice on the comet to evaporate, creating a hazy atmosphere around 67P.


Some comets end up orbiting too close to the Sun and end up being destroyed by it; these types of comets are called ‘sungrazers’. 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko will actually be further away from the sun than Earth is, so it’s in no danger of biting the bullet.


Rosetta Will Be Operating From a Safe Distance During Perihelion


The last time 67P completed its perihelion was on February 28, 2009. On that date, and prior orbits, the comet experienced the event relatively trouble free. This year’s event is expected to also proceed smoothly with Rosetta following the comet at a safe enough distance to ensure nothing problematic occurs as the pair head back out into the outer reaches of the solar system. After, Rosetta will continue to study 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as it hurtles its way around the sun.



Grab some space adventures for the young with Space Scouts:



 



67P Makes Its Closest Pass By the Sun With Rosetta in Tow